This period is referred to as the "window period," and if a donation is made during this time there remains a very small residual risk of viral transmission.

这一时期被称为“空窗期”，如果献血在这期间进行，那么就存在较小的残留风险可能会传播病毒。

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Transmission may be less likely when you have a low viral load, but it is still possible so you should always take appropriate precautions.

病毒载量较低时传播的几率相对较低，但它仍然是有可能的，所以应该总是采取适当的预防措施。

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By complicating the understanding of viral evolution, the new findings also promise to help inform transmission dynamics and the ways in which viruses move among different host species.

这项新发现让病毒的进化方式变得更加令人费解，同时也有助于解释传输动力学和病毒从一个宿主感染给另一个宿主的方式。

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Rather,the U.S.government is urging common-sense steps to prevent virus transmission and distributing millions of doses of anti-viral treatments to health officials nationwide.

VOA: standard.2009.04.30

Like a vaccine they offer a public good as well as a private one in that they curb the rate of viral transmission.

ECONOMIST: AIDS microbicides: An ounce of prevention | The